Yintoni i-heck ethi "Distro" ithetha ntoni?

Into endathi ndakufika kwindawo yeLinux kwanzima ukuba ingene entlokweni yam yile:

Wonke umntu kwiLinux uthetha nge "distro." Oko distro le, yintoni i distro le enye, yintoni distro ingcono enye distrokuqhubekani distro isuka intombi encincikuqhubekani distro yeyamadoda.

Kuba usebenzisa iWindows, awuzukuyazi into «ukuhanjiswa', Kodwa akunzima kangako ukuqonda.

Masiqale ngokubalulekileyo

Ukuqala, masithi "iDistro" ligama elingaqhelekanga kunye lithetha "uLwabiwo". Kuya kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba i-GNU / Linux ivela kwelona lizwe line-nerdy kunye ne-geek ekhoyo, ke ukuze ufake i-GNU / Linux kwi-PC kule minyaka yokuqala ye-penguin era, xa kungekho mntu wayesazi ukuba oku ikhona, kufuneka ubekhona usosayensi ophambili wekhompyuter ukuze ayifakele le nto. Ngelo xesha, akukho namnye owakha wacinga ukuba iLinux inokuthandwa.

Xa iqela leLinux laqala ukukhula, baqonda ukuba linokubakho kwaye banalo I-Linux yayiza kuba yinkqubo "enokusebenziseka" Kwikhompyuter yomntu oqhelekileyo ongakwazanga ukuchitha iintsuku ezininzi eqokelela ikernel kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezifunekayo ukuze inkqubo iqale kuphela ukusetyenziswa kancinane. Xa beqonda into enjalo, oko kukuthi, kungekuphela nje ukuba yayiyinkcitho enkulu yexesha kumsebenzisi oqhelekileyo, kodwa kwakungathandeki kakhulu ukuba abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo babeza kuyiqonda kakuhle le nkqubo ngokwaneleyo ukuba bayenze ngokwabo, uthathe isigqibo sokwenza lula ezi nkqubo.

Sele phakathi ko-1992 no-1993, ufakelo lwe GNU / Linux esele ilungiselelwe ukufakwa ngenkqubo yewizard kunye nemiyalelo embalwa, lumka, ibingengomoya, bekusafuneka uyazi kakuhle into oyenzayo ukuze ukwazi ukuya phambili. Ukusuka apho kwavela "ulwabiwo" olunje: Moran, ITAMU, I-Yggdrasil Linux, phakathi kwabanye.

Ukuphinda wenze kwakhona, ukuhanjiswa kweLinux luhlobo lwepakethe ye-GNU / Linux eyilelwe ukufakelwa ngokulula okuthile.

Emva kwento eyenzekayo yimbali eyaziwayo, abantu baqala ukubuza ukuba ufakelo lweLinux lube lula njengolo lubonelelwa yiWindows, ngemeko yokubonakalayo "entle", enewizard (Elandelayo, elandelayo, elandelayo) kwaye ikwayilelwe ukuthobela imisebenzi ethile. , ngendlela ethile. I-Distros yayingeyondlela elula yokufaka iLinux, ngoku ukukhetha ukuhanjiswa kweLinux kwakuthetha ukuthatha isigqibo ngendlela yokusebenza.

Umahluko phakathi kwe "distros"

Into oyithandayo okanye oyinqumlayo kukuba "ii-distros" zahlukile kwezinye, ngoku uyaqonda ukuba ezi ziindlela ezinceda umsebenzisi ukuba asebenzise iLinux ngendlela engcono. Ingxaki enkulu kukuba xa "ii-distros" ziqala ukuyilwa, ii-linuxers azikhe zimisele ukufikelela kwisivumelwano, ke ngoko, indlela esebenza ngayo "i-distro pepoX" (igama elenzelweyo) ayifani (kwaye ikwindawo ethile ayihambelani) nohlobo lokusetyenziswa kwe «distro ubuntuntún».

Imizekelo.

I-Distros yahlulwe phakathi kokulula ukuyisebenzisa kodwa ayinakulungelelaniswa kwaye kunzima ukuyisebenzisa kodwa inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngakumbi. Ndiza kubonisa nje ezimbalwa:

Ubuntu kulula ukuyifaka, inokufakwa njengenkqubo yeWindows, kwaye inendlela yokufaka iinkqubo ezibizwa ngokuba .deb (eyilwe ngumanduleli wayo 'Debian«). Ukukhululeka kwayo kuyenze enye yezona ndawo zithandwa kakhulu.

Kwelinye icala sinayo Gentoo, kwi-distro Kunzima ukuyifaka nokusebenzaUninzi lunokuzama ukuyifaka amatyeli aliqela ngaphandle kwempumelelo, ngenxa yexabiso "leeqhina" ekufuneka lishukunyisiwe, kodwa ngokutsho kwabasebenzisi bayo, xa sele ilungile, isasazwa ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kwaye kwenziwe ukulinganisa ikhompyuter usebenzisa ntoni.

Mhlawumbi ukuthelekiswa okungagqibelelanga kwee-distros kunokuba njalo I-XP iya kuba yiWindows distro, 98 enye, iVista enye njalo njalo, kodwa iLinux distros ngokungafaniyo neenguqulelo zeWindows ziyafana okanye zangoku, ayizizo iinguqulelo ekuhambeni kwexesha kodwa ziindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza nenkqubo.

-> IINKCUKACHA

• Distros kwiWikipedia